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2020专八阅读练习题及解析（4）（5）（6）（7）

以下是华大启点为大家整理的2020专八阅读练习题及解析(4),希望能够帮助大家更有效的备考专八考试，更多专八备考内容，欢迎随时关注华大启点微信公众号。

　　Things have really changed. Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging a remarkable comeback in the quantity and quality of the recruits it is attracting. Recruiters, once denounced by antiwar students as “baby killers” and barred from campuses, are welcomed ever at elite universities. ROTC (Reserve Officer’s Training Corps) programs, that faltered during the Viet Nam era, when protesters were fire bombing their headquarters, are flourishing again. The military academies are enjoying a steady increase in applications.

　　Certainly, the depressed economy has increased the allure of the jobs, technical training and generous student loans offered by the military. Students know that if they go in and become, say, nuclear weapons specialists, they can come out and demand a salary of $60,000 a year. Military salaries, while not always competitive with those paid for comparable jobs in the private sector, are more than respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available: free medical service, room and board, and PX (Post Exchange) privileges. Monthly pay for a recruit is $574; for a sergeant with four years services it is $906; for a major with ten years’ service it is $2,305. The services’ slick $175 million-a-year advertising campaign promising adventure and fulfillment has helped win over the TV generation. Kids are walking down the school hallways chanting ‘Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines,’ just like in the commercials. And many military officials feel that the key difference is the enhanced patriotism among the nation’s youth. There is a return to the view that the military is an honorable profession. The days of a judge telling a miscreant to join the Army or go to jail are over. Recruiting for all four services combined is running at 101%of authorized goals. And the retention rate is now so high, that the services are refusing some re-enlistment applications and reducing annual recruiting target.

　　The military academics are also enjoying halcyon years, attracting more and better-qualified students. Compared to private colleges, where tuition and expenses have been climbing sharply, the service schools are a real bargain: not only is tuition free, but recruits get allowances of up to $500 a mouth. It is reported 12,300 applicants are for the 1,450 positions in this year’s freshman class. Military academies are now just as selective as any of the best universities in the country.

　　Nationwide, ROTC enrollment exceeds 105,000,a 64% increase over the 1974 figure. In the mid 70’s, the ROTC students refused to wear their uniforms on campus because they suffered all sorts of ridicule, if they did. Now if they wear them to class no one looks at them twice. To them, Viet Nam is ancient history, something the old folks talk about.

　　1. What is the main idea of this passage?

　　[A]. The Military is in [B]. The Military is up

　　[C]. The Military is down [D]. The Military is on

　　2. What was the attitude of the students in 1970’s towards the military?

　　[A]. Approval. [B]. Indifferent. [C]. Distaste. [D]. Scolding.

　　3. The phrase “come out” is closest in meaning to

　　[A]. “become visible”. [B]. “begin to grow”.

　　[C]. “be made public”. [D]. “gain a certain position”.

　　4. Which one of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to attract students.

　　[A]. Free tuition. [B]. Spacious room.

[C]. Considerate allowance. [D]. Technical training.

以下是华大启点为大家整理的2020专八阅读练习题及解析(5),希望能够帮助大家更有效的备考专八考试，更多专八备考内容，欢迎随时关注华大启点微信公众号。

　　NCB in Interpol

　　The organization known to the world as Interpol has sometimes been described as an outfit of chisel-jawed gimlet-eyed crime fighters who put their lives in jeopardy every working hour. Less flatteringly, Interpol has also been described as a huge filing cabinet, stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics.

　　As with most generalities, there is some truth in both statements. There are, certainly, some grim battlers of crime to be found working with Interpol. There are, just as surely, those drones shuffling mountains of paper whose cheeks are sallow from indoor life. Consider the charisma of the name alone: INTERPOL, the international police force. Continents leaped in a single bound, oceans crossed in the space of a breath, villains watched by eyes that never sleep. Surprisingly, a lot of it happens almost that way.

　　Four groups coordinate and direct the activities of Interpol. One of them is the National Central Bureaus, or NCBs, bodies designated by the member nations to serve as their link with Interpol. These are the front-line troops, the action people. IN the United States, the Treasury Department is the National Central Bureau. In the United Kingdom, it is Scotland Yard; the Questura in Italy and the Melbourne City Police in Australia. Because police organization varies from country, the NCBs were established to act as the one special group to handle Interpol chores and unsure maximum cooperation between nations. Each NCB is usually an official government body with police powers if a country has only one central police authority, that body becomes the National Centre Bureau. Of course, any service appointed as an NCB is bound to its nation’s law and authority and retains its national title.

　　Each NCB is connected by radio to the regional station for its geographic zone. The regional stations are connected to the Central Station in France. The radio network is versatile. Network stations can monitor the Central station or any regional station. Because of this messages can be broadcast to more than one station at a time. A coding system determines the urgency of each message so that those with high priority can be given precedence. Besides, other communication tools, such as radio-teleprinters and phototelegraphy equipment. Permit rapid transfers of fingerprints and photographs. Sometimes ever more advanced technology is employed. When the police all over the world were looking for a Canadian named George Leray, they turned to the Early Bird Satellite. Leray had led his gang on a daring holdup of a Montreal bank and gotten away with $4 million. Scotland Yard broadcast Leray’s photo to the world by satellite. An American who saw the picture in Florida recognized Leray as a man who was living on a yacht in Fort Lauderdale under an assumed name. The police were alerted and arrested Leray.

　　1. What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A]. The Function of the Interpol. [B]. The Quality of the Interpol.

　　[C]. The Organization of the Interpol. [D]. The Rapid Development of the Interpol.

　　2. The organization of this passage is

　　[A]. general to specific. [B]. cause and effect.

　　[C]. comparison and contrast. [D]. development.

　　3. The sentence “stuffed with clerks choking on their own statistics” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to

　　[A]. a lot of employees busying in their work.

　　[B]. many office workers busying with various documents.

　　[C]. crowded with office workers busying with their own collected data.

　　[D]. workers busying in their own information.

　　4. Which is the easiest tool to communicate?

　　[A]. Satellite. [B]. Radio.

　　[B]. Teleprinter. [D]. Phototelegraphy

　　以下是华大启点为大家整理的2020专八阅读练习题及解析(6),希望能够帮助大家更有效的备考专八考试，更多专八备考内容，欢迎随时关注华大启点微信公众号。

　　These days we hear a lot of nonsense about the ‘great classless society’. The idea that the twentieth century is the age of the common man has become one of the great clichés of our time. The same old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been complete. The people rule; the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it? Close examination doesn’t bear out the claim.

　　It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact is that nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of the jungle, ‘survival of the fittest’, and ‘might is right’ are still with us. The spread of education has destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are based on merit. For ‘aristocracy’ read ‘meritocracy’; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained.

　　Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing people do when they become rich? They use their wealth to secure the best possible opportunities for their children, to give them ‘a good start in life’. For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of the principles in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they will educate their children. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able child from a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to become the leader of a democracy without massive financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.

　　In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to become future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.

　　1. What is the main idea of this passage?

　　[A] Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century has not destroyed the class system.

　　[B] Equality means money.

　　[C] There is no such society as classless society.

　　[D] Nature can’t give you a classless society.

　　2. According to the author, the same educational opportunities can’t get rid of inequality because

　　[A] the principle ‘survival of the fittest’ exists.

　　[B] Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability.

　　[C] Material rewards are for genuine ability.

　　[D] People have the freedom how to educate their children.

　　3. Who can obtain more rapid success

　　[A] those with wealth.

　　[B] Those with the best brains.

　　[C] Those with the best opportunities.

　　[D] Those who have the ability to catch at opportunities.

　　4. Why does the author say the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent? Because

　　[A] money decides everything.

　　[B] Private schools offer advantages over state schools.

　　[C] People are free to choose the way of educating their children.

　　[D] Wealth is used for political ends.

　　5. According to the author, ‘class divisions’ refers to

　　[A] the rich and the poor.

　　[B] Different opportunities for people.

　　[C] Oppressor and the oppressed.

　　[D] Genius and stupidity.

　　以下是华大启点为大家整理的2020专八阅读练习题及解析(7),希望能够帮助大家更有效的备考专八考试，更多专八备考内容，欢迎随时关注华大启点微信公众号。

　　The search for latent prints is done in a systematic and intelligent manner. Investigators develop techniques to locate traces of fingerprints at a crime scene. The basic premise in searching for latent prints is to examine more carefully those areas, which would most likely be touched by persons who have been on the scene. The natural manner in which a person would use and place his hands in making an entrance or exit from a building or in handling any object is the key to the discovery of latent prints.

　　Where a forced entrance has been made, latent prints are likely to be found on any surface adjacent to or at that point. Any object with a smooth, non-porous surface is likely to retain latent prints if touched. Fingerprints on rough surfaces are usually of little value. If the fingermark does not disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value in identification is nil when photographed. Where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for the investigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premises so that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from these persons. Places to search for prints on an automobile are the rear view mirror, steering wheel hub, steering column, windshield dashboard and the like.

　　Dusting of surface may be done with a fine brush or with an atomizer. The whit powders used are basically finely powdered white lead, talc, or chalk. Another light powder is basically Chemist’s gray. A good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. Dragon’s blood is good powder for white surface and can be fixed on paper by heating. In developing latent prints, the accepted method is to use the powder sparingly and brush lightly. Do not use powder if the fingermark is visible under oblique lighting. It can be photographed. A good policy for the novice is to experiment with his own prints on a surface similar to the one he wishes to search in order to determine the powder best suited to the surface. Fingerprints after dusting may be lifted by using fresh cellulose tape or commercially prepared material especially designed to lift and transfer dusted latent fingerprints.

　　In addition to latent prints, the investigator must not overlook the possibility of two other types of fingerprint traces: molded impression and visible impression. Molded impressions are formed by the pressure of the finger upon comparatively soft, pliable, or plastic surfaces producing an actual mold of the fingerprint pattern. These can be recorded by photograph without treating the surface, is usually most effective in revealing the impressions clearly. Visible impressions are formed when the finger is covered with some substance which is transferred to the surface contacted. Fingers smeared with blood, grease, dirt, paint, and the like will leave a visible impression. If these impressions are clear and sharp, they are photographed under light without ant treatment. Ordinarily, prints of this type are blurred or smeared and do not contain enough detail for identification by comparison. However, they can not be overlooked or brushed aside without first being examined carefully.

　　1. What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A]. Visible impressions. [B]. Moulded impressions.

　　[C]. Fingerprints. [D]. Latent fingerprints.

　　2. How many fingermarks are mentioned in this passage?

　　[A]. 2. [B]. 3. [C]. 4. [D]. 5.

　　3. Which type of fingerprints is most likely to retain?

　　[A]. Latent fingerprints. [B]. Visible impressions.

　　[C]. Moulded impressions. [D]. Clear fingerprints.

　　4. How many ways are there to develop fingerprints?

　　[A]. 2. [B]. 3. [C]. 4. [D]. 5.